Advanced Neurosurgery & Neuro-Spine Care at ShardaCare – Healthcity

Overview

Neurosurgery is a specialised surgical field that focuses on disorders of the brain, spine, spinal cord, nerves, and blood vessels of the nervous system. It includes care for brain tumours, spine disorders, head injury, stroke-related conditions, aneurysms, nerve compression, and complex neurological emergencies.

At the centre, neurosurgical care is strengthened by the expertise of Dr. Vivek Yadav, an experienced Neurosurgeon with special interest in minimally invasive microneurosurgery, skull base surgery, vascular neurosurgery, and minimally invasive spine procedures. With experience of performing 3000+ cranial and spine surgeries, he brings advanced surgical skill and clinical judgement to complex brain and spine cases.

What Is Neurosurgery?

Neurosurgery deals with surgical and procedural treatment of conditions affecting the nervous system. A neurosurgeon works closely with neurologists, neuroradiologists, intensivists, anaesthesiologists, physiotherapists, oncologists, and rehabilitation teams to provide complete care.

Common areas of neurosurgical care include:

• Brain tumours and skull base tumours

• Head injury and brain haemorrhage

• Stroke

• Brain aneurysms and vascular malformations

• Hydrocephalus

• Epilepsy surgery in selected cases

• Spine tumours and spinal cord compression

• Disc prolapse, sciatica, and spinal stenosis

• Minimally invasive and endoscopic spine surgery

• Peripheral nerve disorders

• Congenital brain and spine conditions

Dr. Vivek Yadav’s training includes MBBS, MS in General Surgery, DNB in Neurosurgery, MNAMS, Fellowship in UBE Spine Surgery, and Global Spine Diploma from AO Spine, Switzerland. His expertise supports both advanced cranial surgery and modern spine surgery techniques.

Causes and Risk Factors

Neurosurgical conditions may develop due to injury, ageing, tumours, abnormal blood vessels, infection, congenital problems, or degeneration of the spine.

Common causes and risk factors include:

• Head or spine trauma

• Age-related disc and spine degeneration

• Brain or spine tumours

• High blood pressure

• Smoking or tobacco use

• Family history of aneurysm or neurological disease

• Cancer spreading to the brain or spine

• Infection affecting the brain, spine, or nerves

• Congenital brain or spine abnormalities

• Occupational strain, poor posture, or heavy lifting

• Osteoporosis or spinal instability

• Previous neurological disease or surgery

Early evaluation is important when symptoms suggest pressure on the brain, spinal cord, nerves, or blood vessels.

Symptoms

Neurosurgical symptoms may appear suddenly or gradually. Some symptoms require urgent attention because they may indicate stroke, bleeding, brain pressure, or spinal cord compression.

Common symptoms include:

• Severe or persistent headache

• Seizures

• Weakness or numbness in the arms or legs

• Difficulty speaking or understanding speech

• Loss of balance or coordination

• Vision changes or double vision

• Back pain, neck pain, or pain radiating to the arm or leg

• Tingling, burning, or nerve-related pain

• Difficulty walking

• Loss of bladder or bowel control with spine symptoms

• Drowsiness, confusion, or reduced consciousness

• Symptoms after head or spine injury

Emergency care is needed for sudden weakness, facial drooping, speech difficulty, new seizure, sudden severe headache, head injury with vomiting or confusion, or spine symptoms with bladder or bowel loss.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis begins with medical history, neurological examination, and imaging tests. A neurosurgeon evaluates strength, sensation, reflexes, coordination, walking, vision, speech, and signs of nerve or brain involvement.

Common diagnostic methods include:

• CT scan of the brain or spine

• MRI brain or spine

• CT or MR angiography for blood vessel disorders

• Digital subtraction angiography in selected vascular cases

• X-rays for spine alignment or instability

• Nerve conduction study and EMG in selected nerve conditions

• Blood tests for infection, clotting, or surgical fitness

• Biopsy in selected brain, spine, or nerve tumours

• Pre-anaesthesia and critical care assessment before surgery

Accurate diagnosis helps decide whether the patient needs observation, medicines, surgery, endovascular treatment, rehabilitation, or emergency care.

Treatment Options

Treatment depends on the diagnosis, severity, location of disease, symptoms, and overall health of the patient.

Neurosurgical treatment may include:

• Medicines and monitoring for selected mild or stable conditions

• Microsurgery for brain, skull base, spine, and nerve conditions

• Minimally invasive brain and spine procedures in suitable patients

• Endoscopic spine surgery and UBE spine surgery in selected cases

• Surgery for brain tumours, skull base tumours, and spine tumours

• Surgery for head injury, brain bleeding, or raised brain pressure

• Vascular neurosurgery for aneurysms or vascular malformations

• Decompression surgery for disc prolapse, spinal stenosis, or nerve compression

• Spinal fixation or fusion for instability or deformity

• Shunt surgery or endoscopic treatment for hydrocephalus

• Postoperative ICU care and rehabilitation support

Minimally invasive techniques may help reduce tissue trauma, pain, blood loss, and recovery time in carefully selected patients. However, open surgery may still be the safer and more effective option for some complex conditions.

Prevention and Outlook

Not all neurosurgical conditions can be prevented, but risks can be reduced by controlling blood pressure, avoiding tobacco, using helmets and seat belts, preventing falls, managing diabetes and cholesterol, maintaining good posture, staying physically active, and seeking early care for neurological or spine symptoms.

The outlook depends on the condition, severity, timing of treatment, age, and overall health. With advanced imaging, minimally invasive techniques, microsurgical expertise, critical care, and rehabilitation, many brain and spine conditions can be treated effectively with improved recovery and quality of life.

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I see a neurosurgeon?
You should consult a neurosurgeon for brain or spine tumours, severe head injury, brain bleeding, aneurysm, hydrocephalus, severe disc prolapse, spinal cord compression, progressive weakness, or symptoms not improving with medical care.

Is neurosurgery only brain surgery?
No. Neurosurgery includes both brain and spine surgery, as well as treatment of nerves, spinal cord, skull base, and brain blood vessel conditions.

What is minimally invasive spine surgery?
It is spine surgery performed through smaller openings using specialised instruments, microscope, endoscope, or tubular systems to reduce muscle injury in suitable patients.

What is skull base surgery?
Skull base surgery treats tumours or abnormalities located at the base of the skull, near important nerves and blood vessels. It requires specialised surgical expertise.

Are all spine problems treated with surgery?
No. Many spine problems improve with medicines, physiotherapy, injections, and lifestyle changes. Surgery is considered when there is severe pain, nerve compression, weakness, instability, or failure of conservative treatment.