Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery (CABG)

Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery (CABG) is a Surgical Intervention aimed at addressing Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), which involves the narrowing of the Coronary Arteries. These Arteries are responsible for supplying the Heart Muscle with Oxygen and Vital Nutrients. CAD develops due to the accumulation of fatty deposits within the Artery Walls, leading to a reduction in Blood Flow and Oxygen Delivery to the Heart Muscle.

When Is Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery Necessary?

Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery (CABG) becomes necessary when one or more of your Coronary Arteries are blocked or narrowed, hindering the Blood Flow to your Heart Muscle. This procedure aims to restore proper Blood circulation to your Heart when other non-surgical treatments are not feasible.

Symptoms of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) can vary and may include:

• Chest Pain
• Fatigue (severe tiredness)
• Palpitations
• Abnormal Heart Rhythms
• Shortness of Breath
• Swelling in the Hands and Feet
• Indigestion

In the early stages of CAD, you may not experience any symptoms. However, the disease will progress over time, leading to symptoms and potential complications. If the blockage in your Coronary Artery Worsens, it can result in a Heart Attack. Without prompt intervention to restore Blood Flow to the affected part of the Heart Muscle, Tissue Damage and Death may occur.

Interventional Cardiology

Interventional Cardiology offers a Minimally Invasive approach to diagnosing and treating Heart and Blood Vessel diseases through Catheter-based techniques. These procedures avoid the need for open Surgery or Large Incisions, utilizing Thin Tubes called Catheters inserted through a small Skin puncture. Guided by X-ray or Ultrasound imaging, these Catheters reach the affected area. This approach provides patients with benefits like Quicker Recovery, Reduced Pain, Lower Infection Risk, and Shorter hospital stays. At Sharda Care - Healthcity , our skilled Interventional Cardiologists employ cutting-edge Techniques to ensure optimal outcomes for every patient.

Interventional Cardiology effectively addresses various Heart conditions, including:

• Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): Occurs when Arteries carrying Blood to the Heart Muscle narrow or become blocked, leading to symptoms like Chest Pain or Cardiac Attacks.
• Valvular Heart Disease: Involves Dysfunction of Heart Valves, disrupting Blood Flow between Heart Chambers and causing symptoms such as Fatigue, Swelling, or Heart Failure.
• Structural Heart Disease: Characterized by Abnormalities in the Heart's shape or function, either congenital or acquired. Examples include Atrial Septal Defect (ASD), Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD), Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO), or Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM).

At Sharda Care - Healthcity , we offer a range of advanced procedures in Interventional Cardiology to address various Heart conditions:

• Coronary Angiography: Utilizing special Dye and X-rays, this test visualizes Heart Arteries to detect Blockages or Narrowing.
• Coronary Angioplasty and Stenting: A procedure using a Balloon and Stent to open blocked Arteries and restore Blood Flow.
• Coronary Atherectomy and Rotablation: Employing a device to remove plaque causing Artery Blockages.
• Balloon Valvuloplasty: Widening narrowed or stiff Heart Valves to improve function.
• Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR): Implanting an Artificial Valve via a Catheter without removing the Old Valve.
• Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair (TMVR): Clipping or Stitching Mitral Valve leaflets to reduce Blood Leakage.
• Device closure of ASD, VSD, PFO: Placing a device via Catheter to seal Heart Chamber Holes, preventing Blood mixing.
• Alcohol Septal Ablation: Injecting Alcohol into a Coronary Artery branch to shrink thickened Heart Muscle and Relieve Obstruction.
• Left Atrial Appendage Closure (LAAC): Placing a device via Catheter to Block the Left Atrial Appendage, reduces Stroke risk.

Non - Invasive Cardiology

At Sharda Care - Healthcity , our dedicated team of specialists in non-invasive cardiology employs cutting-edge techniques to provide exceptional cardiovascular care without resorting to invasive procedures. Whether you require non-invasive cardiac output monitoring or precise cardiac imaging, our comprehensive services cater to your individual needs. Through various imaging techniques, diagnostic tests, and state-of-the-art technologies, our non-invasive cardiologists can accurately assess heart structure and function, detect abnormalities, and devise effective treatment strategies to manage cardiovascular conditions efficiently.

Methods Employed in Non-Invasive Cardiology

Non-invasive cardiologists utilize a variety of techniques, including:

• Echocardiography: Also referred to as cardiac ultrasound, this non-invasive imaging method utilizes sound waves to generate images of the heart, aiding in the assessment of its function and detection of any abnormalities.
• Nuclear Cardiology: This non-invasive diagnostic approach involves the use of various imaging modalities utilizing radioactive elements to assess cardiovascular conditions.
• Stress Testing: This procedure involves monitoring the heart's activity during physical exertion, such as walking on a treadmill or cycling on a stationary bike, to evaluate its stress response.
• Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): Utilizing powerful magnets and radio waves, this imaging technique produces detailed images of the heart, facilitating the diagnosis of cardiac abnormalities.
• Electrocardiography (ECG or EKG): This method utilizes heart monitors to record the heart's electrical activity, aiding in the diagnosis of various cardiac conditions.
• Computed Tomography (CT) Angiography: Using X-rays, this imaging procedure visualizes blood vessels to detect blockages or narrowing, providing insights into the extent of coronary artery disease without the need for invasive interventions like cardiac catheterization.
• Non-Invasive Cardiology in Practice
• Non-invasive cardiology serves as a cornerstone in the diagnosis, management, and prevention of various cardiovascular ailments. Its pivotal applications encompass:
• Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Conditions: Non-invasive imaging modalities like echocardiography, cardiac MRI, and CT angiography aid in identifying coronary artery disease, heart valve disorders, myocardial damage, cardiomyopathies, and congenital heart anomalies.
• Assessment of Cardiac Function: These techniques enable the evaluation of cardiac pumping ability, assessment of valve function, and detection of structural abnormalities and blood flow irregularities within the heart.
• Risk Evaluation: Non-invasive stress tests and arterial calcium scores can help figure out how likely someone is to get heart disease and help with the prevention and treatment of that disease.
• Monitoring: Non-invasive cardiology encompasses the surveillance of treatment efficacy, including medication regimens, lifestyle modifications, and cardiac rehabilitation initiatives, to optimize cardiac health and function.

Benefits of Non-invasive Cardiology

Non-invasive cardiology presents several advantages over invasive techniques, making it the preferred approach for diagnosing and managing various cardiac conditions. Some of its key benefits include:

• Safety: Unlike invasive procedures, non-invasive techniques do not require the insertion of catheters or surgical tools into the body, reducing the risk of infection, bleeding, or damage to blood vessels and organs.
• Comfort: Non-invasive tests involve minimal discomfort compared to invasive procedures, often eliminating the need for sedation or anaesthesia.
• Accessibility: Non-invasive tests are readily available and can be performed in outpatient settings, minimizing the need for hospitalization and allowing for greater convenience for patients.
• Cost-Effectiveness: Non-invasive procedures are generally more affordable than invasive techniques, as they do not necessitate specialized equipment or operating rooms.
• Versatility: Non-invasive tests can assess a wide range of cardiac conditions and can be repeated as needed to monitor changes in a patient's condition over time.
• Early Detection and Prevention: Non-invasive tests enable early detection of cardiac issues, facilitating timely intervention and preventive measures to mitigate the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
• Convenience: With shorter preparation and recovery times than invasive procedures, non-invasive tests allow patients to resume their normal activities sooner, enhancing overall convenience and patient satisfaction.

Paediatric CTVS (Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery)

At Sharda Care - Healthcity , we have dedicated facilities for Paediatric and Congenital Cardiac Care, where we embark on a journey to transform lives through cutting-edge surgeries and procedures. Our Spectrum of Patients Ranges from Foetuses (Fetal Cardiology) to individuals of any Age with congenital structural Heart Disease. Our promise is to give complete, caring care to kids with Heart Diseases that they were born with or that they got later in life so that every little heart has a better, healthier future.

Our Expertise:

We bring together a multidisciplinary team of highly skilled Paediatric Cardiologists, Cardiac Surgeons, Nurses, and support staff. Our team is dedicated to providing the best care and treatment to Children facing Cardiac problems. With commitment and excellence, our institution is at the forefront of Paediatric Cardiac Sciences.

Surgeries and Procedures:

Non-Invasive:

• Echocardiography and Cardiac investigations including CT & MRI
• Evaluation of Heart Murmurs
• Diagnosis and management of Congenital Heart Defects

Congenital Heart Defect Repair:

• Tetralogy of Fallot Correction
• Septal Defect Closure such as VSD, ASD, etc.
• Aortic Valve Repair/Replacement
• Arterial Switch Operation
• Pulmonary Valve Repair/Replacement
• Fontan Operation / Glenn Surgery
• Conduit-based procedures

Catheter-Based Interventions:

• Pulmonary & Aortic Valvuloplasty
• Balloon Dilatation of Coarctation
• Balloon Angioplasty
• Device Closure of ASD, VSD, PDA, AV Canal, PA Stent
• Balloon Atrial Septostomy
• Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection (TAPVC) Repair

Vascular Surgery

Vascular surgery, an essential speciality in healthcare, focuses on the intricate network of blood vessels throughout the body. This system, comprising arteries, veins, and lymphatic circulation, plays a crucial role in overall well-being. At Sharda Care - Healthcity , our vascular surgeons meticulously diagnose and treat diseases affecting these pathways, excluding those of the heart and brain. Using a range of interventions from medication to minimally invasive procedures and surgical reconstructions, they ensure the proper functioning of these vital conduits.

Common Conditions Addressed by Vascular Surgery

The prevalence of vascular diseases, encompassing disorders affecting blood vessels and circulation, has seen a notable rise in India over recent years. Some of these conditions include:

Carotid Artery Disease:

Carotid artery disease manifests as the narrowing or blockage of the neck arteries supplying blood to the brain. Often originating from the buildup of fatty plaques, severe cases with a high stroke risk may necessitate vascular surgery for optimal management and prevention.

Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT):

Deep vein thrombosis refers to the formation of clots within deep veins, posing the risk of dislodgment towards the lungs, potentially resulting in a life-threatening event. When medications alone prove insufficient to restore healthy circulation, procedures performed by vascular surgeons offer a crucial solution for effective management and patient safety.

Atherosclerosis:

Atherosclerosis arises from the accumulation of fats and cholesterol in artery walls, leading to blockages. In severe cases, vascular surgery becomes necessary to restore blood flow and reduce the risk of serious cardiovascular events.

Varicose Veins:

Varicose veins, characterized by dilated and enlarged veins, primarily affect the lower extremities, causing discomfort and cosmetic concerns. In cases of treatment-resistant symptoms, vascular surgery effectively resolves the condition by addressing underlying venous insufficiency.

 Causes of Vascular Diseases

• Atherosclerosis: Plaque buildup in the arteries narrows and restricts blood flow.
• Hypertension: Prolonged elevated blood pressure can damage blood vessels.
• Diabetes: Increases the risk of atherosclerosis and damages small blood vessels.
• Smoking: Damages blood vessel walls and increases the risk of atherosclerosis.
• Obesity: Excessive weight strains the heart and blood vessels.
• High Cholesterol: Elevated cholesterol levels lead to plaque buildup in arteries.
• Family History: Genetic predisposition can increase the risk of vascular diseases.
• Sedentary Lifestyle: Lack of physical activity contributes to poor circulation and vascular issues.
• Age: Natural wear and tear on blood vessels increases the risk of vascular diseases.
• Poor Diet: High consumption of unhealthy fats, sugars, and processed foods contributes to vascular problems.

Preventive Measures for Vascular Diseases

Before considering surgery, our consultants prioritize guiding patients toward risk factor modification to prevent disease progression or recurrence. Recommendations may include:

• Smoking Cessation: Encouraging and supporting efforts to quit smoking, a significant contributor to vascular disease.
• Diabetes Management: Providing guidance and resources for managing diabetes effectively to mitigate its impact on vascular health.
• Healthy Dietary Modifications: Advising on dietary changes to promote heart health and reduce the risk of vascular diseases.
• Appropriate Footwear: Recommending footwear that not only prevents but also addresses any existing vascular issues, promoting overall foot health.